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Omelyanchik LO, Tavrog ML, Hromokovska TS, Pototska OI. Morphofunctional basis of the cutaneous immune system. Bìol Tvarin. 2025; 27 (3): 20–26. DOI: 10.15407/animbiol27.03.020.
https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol27.03.020
Received 15.08.2025 ▪ Revision 06.10.2025 ▪ Accepted 14.10.2025 ▪ Published online 22.10.2025
Morphofunctional basis of the cutaneous immune system
L. O. Omelyanchik1, M. L. Tavrog2, T. S. Hromokovska2, O. I. Pototska2
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1Zaporizhzhia National University, 66 University str, Zaporizhzhia, 69011, Ukraine
2Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 26 Marii Prymachenko Blvd., Zaporizhzhia, 69035, Ukraine
This article provides a comprehensive review of the morphofunctional basis of the cutaneous immune system, detailing the cellular composition and integration within a complex neuro-immune-endocrine network. The main immune competent cells including keratinocytes, dendritic cells (Langerhans, myeloid), macrophages, mast cells, and lymphocytes are characterized in terms of their roles in maintaining skin homeostasis and defense against external and internal factors. The literature search was conducted using scientific databases such as Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science. Particular attention is given to the concept of inducible skin-associated lymphoid tissue (iSALT) and its role in local immune regulation. The conclusions emphasize the complexity of cellular interactions in the skin and their contribution to systemic immune responses.
Key words: cutaneous immune system, keratinocytes, lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages, mast cells, immunocompetent cells
